General Topics

Reports available as PDFs can be downloaded here. To receive printed copies of these and other reports, please contact traffic@traffic.org or TRAFFIC International, 219a Huntingdon Rd, Cambridge, CB3 ODL, UK. Tel: (44) 1223 277427; Fax: (44) 1223 277237 stating clearly which report(s) you wish to receive and your postal address

NOTE: there is a charge to cover postage costs for hard copies, and to cover photocopying for out of print reports.

"Night time spinach" Conservation and livelihood implications of wild meat use in refugee situations in north-western Tanzania (Full report, 900 KB) (Executive summary in French, 337 KB) by George Jambiya, Simon Milledge and Nangena Mtango (2007). 54pp. ISBN: 978 1 85850 231 1. This study takes a focused look at wild meat use in refugee situations in north-western Tanzania, associated impacts, driving forces, and the appropriateness of some of the management interventions taken to date. Published by: TRAFFIC East/Southern Africa

A Review of the European Union’s Import Policies for Hunting Trophies (2.8 MB) by Amelie Knapp. (December 2007). 78pp. ISBN 978 2 930490 02 1. This report aims to provide an assessment of the EU’s trade in hunting trophies, noting trends, quantity, origin and destination of trophies imported into the EU through analysis of CITES trade data for the years 2000 to 2004. Published by: TRAFFIC Europe.

CITES "Introduction from the Sea": A practical way forward (383 KB) (2007) pre-print of a Bulletin article detailing the proceedings of a joint TRAFFIC/Ancors workshop

A Briefing Paper on Marking Techniques Used in the Control of Wildlife in the European Union (352 KB) by Amelie Knapp and Alexandre Affre. (November 2007). 25pp. ISBN 978 2 930490 01 4. A compilation and analysis of marking techniques currently in use in the EU Member States, plus a short description of identification and labeling techniques applicable to wildlife specimens. Prepared by: TRAFFIC Europe for the European Commission.

The state of wildlife trade in China: Information on the trade in wild animals and plants in China 2006 (1.4 MB) Edited by Xu Hongfa and Craig Kirkpatrick. (September 2007). 20pp. Published by TRAFFIC East Asia China Programme

A matter of attitude: The consumption of wild animal products in Ha Noi, Viet Nam (888 KB) compiled by Bina Venkataraman (August 2007). 48pp. Published by: TRAFFIC Southeast Asia, Greater Mekong Programme.

Opportunity or Threat? The Role of the European Union in Global Wildlife Trade (1.4 MB) Maylynn Engler, Rob Parry-Jones. (June 2007). 52pp. ISBN 9782930490045

Trade Measures – Tools to promote the Sustainable Use of NWFP? Markus Burgener, TRAFFIC East/Southern Africa–South Africa, under the supervision of: Sven Walter, FAO, Forest Products Division, Non-Wood Forest Products Programme. (May 2007). 135pp. Report available from: Non-Wood Forest Products Working Document No.6

Wildlife Trade in Central and Eastern Europe: A Review of CITES Implementation in 15 Countries (1.6 MB) Katalin Kecse-Nagy, Dorottya Papp, Amelie Knapp and Stephanie von Meibom. (2006). 126pp. ISBN 2960050533. Published by: TRAFFIC Europe–Central Eastern Project Office. This report presents an overview of wildlife-trade related issues in Central and Eastern Europe, including an analysis of the region’s role in global trade in wild animals and plants with a particular focus on species groups that are native to the region and listed in the Appendices of CITES.

Trade in Natural Resources in Attapeu Province, Lao PDR: An Assessment of the Wildlife Trade Executive summary (900 KB) Sarinda Singh, Ramesh Boonratana, Mark Bezuijen & Aloun Phonvisay. (2006). 92pp. Published by: TRAFFIC, MWBP, Vientiane, Lao PDR.

Implementation of Article 16, Council Regulation (EC) No.338/97, in the 25 Member States of the European Union (480 KB) Tobias Garstecki. (2006). 44pp. Prepared by: TRAFFIC Europe for the European Commission, Brussels, Belgium.

Trade in Natural Resources in Stung Treng Province, Cambodia: An Assessment of the Wildlife Trade  Executive summary (708 KB) Sarinda Singh, Ramesh Boonratana, Mark Bezuijen & Aloun Phonvisay. (2006). 92pp. Published by: TRAFFIC, MWBP, Vientiane, Lao PDR.

Sport Hunting in the Southern African Development Community (SADC) Region: An Overview (1.7 MB) by Rob Barnett & Claire Patterson. (October 2006). 115pp. ISBN 0 98025 420 5. TRAFFIC East/Southern Africa was contracted under the USAID-funded Network and Capacity Building Programme (NETCAB) to conduct an overview assessment of the sport hunting industry in the SADC region. The project aimed to document and assess the experiences of various countries with a view towards developing generic 'best practice' guidelines

Proceedings of the EU Wildlife Trade Enforcement Co-ordination Workshop (1.4 MB) Edited by: R. Parry-Jones, J. Barnaby, S. Theile. (October 2005). 84pp. Workshop, 25 - 27 October 2005, Buckinghamshire, UK. Published by: Defra and TRAFFIC International.

Trapping a Living: Conservation and Socio-Economic Aspects of the Fur Trade in the Russian Far East (1.1 MB) by Natalia Dronova & Alexander Shestakov. (July 2005). 49pp. ISBN 2 96005 051 7. Published by TRAFFIC Europe - Russia. This study reviews socio-economic trends and aspects of hunting and trapping for fur in the Russian Far East, to better understand what role recent socio-economic changes might have played in the increased exploitation of wildlife species of conservation concern.

CITES, Eh? A Review of Canada’s Implementation of CITES Under WAPPRIITA (1.4 MB) by Ernest W. T. Cooper & Nathalie Chalifour. (May 2005). 124pp. ISBN 0891641734. The aim of this report is to ensure that the Convention on International trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) is implemented in Canada with maximum effectiveness.

Proceedings of the International Expert Workshop on the Enforcement of Wildlife Trade Controls in Central Eastern Europe (776 KB) Edited by: Katalin Kecse-Nagy, Dorottya Papp, Caroline Raymakers, Attila Steiner, Stephanie Theile. (2004). 83pp. ISBN 2960050509 (available in Bulgarian, Czech, Estonian, Hungarian, Latvian, Lithuanian, Polish, Romanian, Slovakian and Slovenian) Workshop, 3 - 4 June 2004, Budapest, Hungary. Covering Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia.

First Choice or Fallback? An Examination of Issues Relating to the Application of Appendix III of CITES to Marine Species (2.5 MB) by Anna Willock, Markus Bürgener & Ana Sancho. (December 2004). 45pp. ISBN 1858502071. This study looks at the appropriateness of Appendix III of CITES (the Convention on International Trade in Wild Species of Fauna and Flora) as a tool for conserving marine species.

Open Season: An analysis of the pet trade in Medan, Sumatra 1997 – 2001 (1.2 MB) Chris R. Shepherd, Jeet Sukumaran, Serge A. Wich. (May 2004). 59pp. ISBN 9833393020. This is the first thorough investigation into the large and diverse trade in live wild animals for pets in Medan, Sumatra, Indonesia. Monthly surveys of the wildlife markets were conducted between 1997 and 2001.

Expanding Borders: New Challenges for Wildlife Trade Controls in the European Union (740 KB) Stephanie Theile, Attila Steiner, Katalin Kecse-Nagy. (April 2004). 29pp. The enlargement of the EU in May 2004 will shift the Union’s external borders further east, placing the 10 newest Member States on the frontline for controlling imports of regulated wildlife to the EU. This report raises concerns about the Lack of co-ordination and co-operation among the relevant enforcement agencies involved in controlling wildlife trade at EU level.

A Question of Attitude: South Korea’s Traditional Medicine Practitioners and Wildlife Conservation (990 KB) by Sue Kang & Marcus J. Phipps. (June 2003). 58pp. ISBN 9628619753

Focus on EU Enlargement and Wildlife Trade: Review of CITES Implementation in Candidate Countries (1.1 MB) Karin Berkhoudt. (2002). 115pp. The main objectives of this study were to find out whether Candidate Countries have good CITES implementing legislation, what are the needs for further assistance in improving implementation and enforcement and which are the legal and illegal trade trends regarding CITES-listed species.

Proceedings of the International Expert Workshop on the Enforcement of Wildlife Trade Controls in the EU (3 MB) Edited by: Monica Anton, Nicholas Dragffy, Stephanie Pendry, Tomme Rozanne Young. (2002). 376pp. ISBN 9075243073 Workshop, 5 - 6 November 2001, Frankfurt, Germany. Edited by: Susanne Honnef Roland Melisch 2001. 107pp. (bilingual German / English) Symposium, EXPO 2000, Hannover, 13th October 2000. Published by: TRAFFIC Europe. Tagungsband - Proceedings: Medizin und Artenschutz – Herausforderung für Mensch und Natur im neuen Jahrtausend / Medicinal Utilisation of Wild Species - Challenge for Man and Nature in the New Millenium.

The Lion's Share of the Hunt: Trophy Hunting and Conservation: A review of the Legal Eurasian Tourist Hunting Market and Trophy Trade under CITES (584 KB) by Doris Hofer with contributions from Juan Carlos Blanco, Juan Herrero, Roland Melisch, Massimiliano Rocco, Alexey Vaisman & Ellen van Krunkelsveen. (2002). 69pp. ISBN 90 75243 06 5. This report aims to provide a basic overview of the Eurasian tourist hunting market. It describes the European demand for foreign hunting, as well as the available facts and figures about the status and relevance of foreign hunting in Eurasian supply countries.

Publicity Initiative for Wildlife Trade Controls in the EU – Targeting Stakeholders Edited by: Karin Berkhoudt. (September 2002). 163pp. A study conducted by TRAFFIC, covering the period from 1990 to 1994, provided information on the characteristics of the EU market for CITES-listed plant and animal species. The EU was the world’s largest importer of live parrots, importing 1,823,140 specimens during this period (44% of the global trade). Published by: TRAFFIC Europe.

Making a Killing or Making a Living? Wildlife trade, trade controls and rural livelihoods. Biodiversity and Livelihoods Issue No.6 (Executive summary, 52 KB) Dilys Roe, Teresa Mulliken, Simon Milledge, Josephine Mremi, Simon Mosha, Maryanne Grieg-Gran. (March 2002). 114pp. ISBN 1 84369 215 5 Published by: IIED, TRAFFIC International. Copies of this report are available from: Earthprint, email: orders@earthprint.com

Towards a Sustainable Wildlife Trade: An Analysis of Nature Conservation in South Africa with Particular Reference to the Wildlife Trade Markus Bürgener, Nico Synyman, Maria Hauck. (2001). 61pp. Published by: Institute of Criminology, University of Capetown in association with TRAFFIC East/Southern Africa. Full report available from: http://web.uct.ac.za/depts/sjrp/uctwild.pdf

CITES & India by Pushp Jain. (April 2001). 214pp. Published by: Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India, WWF-India and TRAFFIC India.

Badiya… hunter gatherers of doon valley by Jaideep Singh Walia. (July 2001). 158pp. plus photographs. (Hindi and English)

Food for Thought: The Utilization of Wild Meat in Eastern and Southern Africa (Overview, 336 KB) Edited by Rob Barnett. (2000). 264pp. ISBN 9 96696 980 2. Published by: TRAFFIC East/Southern Africa - Kenya. Executive summary (53 KB).

Proceedings of the International Workshop on Enforcing Wildlife Trade Controls in the Russian Far East and North East Asia. June 2000. 97pp. (Available in English and Russian). Workshop, 15 - 19 November 1999, Vladivostok, Russia. Published by: TRAFFIC Europe - Russia.

Wild Animals and Plants in Commerce in Russia and CIS Countries. A. Vaisman, V. Gorbatovsky, Y. Gorbunov, A. Poyarkov, A. Sorokin, P. Fomenko, A. Tsellarius. (1999). 156pp. (English and Russian edition) Published by: TRAFFIC Europe – Russia.

BDSCA - Banca Dati Specie CITES Allevate: Manuale d'uso. A cura di Ilaria Guj by Massimiliano Rocco. (1999). 13pp. Published by: Ministero dell'Ambiente, Servizio Conservazione Natura and TRAFFIC Europe - Italy.

Wildlife Trade in Russia and Central Asia (Executive summary 192 KB) Compiled by: Igor Chestin. (1998). 205pp. ISBN 5571601394 (English and Russian edition). Published by: TRAFFIC Europe – Russia.

A World Apart? Attitudes Toward Traditional Chinese Medicine and Endangered Species in Hong Kong and the United States (360 KB) by Samuel Lee, Craig Hoover, Andrea Gaski & Judy Mills. (1998). 80pp. ISBN 0891611564. This report presents the results of in-depth research into the attitudes of consumers on opposite sides of the Pacific Ocean. Published by: TRAFFIC East Asia, TRAFFIC North America, WWF-US.

Diagnóstico y Recomendaciones sobre la Administración de Recursos Silvestres en Argentina: La Década Reciente, (un análisis sobre la administración de la fauna terrestre) (Diagnosis and Recommendations on the Administration of Wildlife Resources in Argentina: The Last Decade, (an analysis on the administration of land fauna) by Juan X. Gruss & Tomas Waller. (November 1988). 113pp. (Spanish edition)

Attitudes of Hong Kong Chinese Towards Wildlife Conservation and the Use of Wildlife as Medicine and Food (Executive summary, 84 KB) by Samuel K.H. Lee. (October 1998). 65pp

Imports of Indonesian Marine Products into the European Union 1990-1995 Caroline Raymakers (October 1998). 91pp.

Searching for a Cure: Conservation of Medicinal Wildlife Resources in East and Southern Africa (128 KB) Nina T. Marshall. (September 1998). 112pp. ISBN 1 85850 151 2. This report presents the results of an 18-month study of the trade in medicinal plants and animals in 17 countries. It identifies 102 medicinal plant species and 29 animal species as priorities for conservation, management or research. It also includes a wide range of general recommendations. Species in Danger series.

Fin, Feather, Scale and Skin: Observations on the wildlife trade in Lao PDR and Vietnam. Trade Review. Edited by: Stephen V. Nash. (1997). 45pp. ISBN 9839924621

Ban on Ivory, Fur and Snake Skin Trade in India. Raj Panjwani June 1997. 36pp.

Making CITES Work: Examples of Effective Implementation and Enforcement (659 KB) by Crawford C. Allan. (June 1997). 16pp. This report presents examples of the positive moves that have been made by both governments and agencies to improve implementation and enforcement of the Convention and associated national laws and regulations. The reports aims to encourage others to take these positive initiatives and adapt them to their own circumstances to allow the growth of strong national, regional or issue-specific activities and processes.

South Africa's Wildlife Trade at the Crossroads. Ashish Bodasing, Teresa A Mulliken. (January 1996). 48pp. ISBN 0958402523.

Making CITES Work by Stephen B. Nash. (1994). 25pp. Prepared for WWF UK

Proceedings of the Seminar on International Trade in Endangered Wild Fauna and Flora 1995 (English and Korean edition) A seminar organized by TRAFFIC East Asia with the Ministry of Environment and Ministry of Health and Welfare, Republic of Korea. 9 March 1995, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Published by: TRAFFIC East Asia.

Wildlife Trade: A handbook for enforcement staff Vivek Menon, Raj Panjwani, Pranav Capila, Aarti Sharma, Madhumita Ghosh. (August 1994). 42pp.

Trånsito de Comércio Ilegal de Animais Silvestres no Brasil. (The Traffic of Illegal Trade of Wild Animals in Brazil). Italo Pompeo, Sergio Mazzarella. (1993). 29pp + annexes (Portuguese edition).

The Control of Wildlife Trade in Greece Elizabeth Fleming. (1993). 51pp. (Greek edition).

Sustainable Use of Wildlife: Views and Perspectives (1993). 86pp.

Guidance on the accession of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam to CITES (November 1993). 47pp. Published by: TRAFFIC Southeast Asia and CRES.

CITES, Aruba and the Netherlands Antilles by Arnold van Kreveld, Ludwijn Jaeger & Bart de Boer. (September 1993). 25pp.

Fur Trade in Kathmandu: Implications for India. Joanna Van Gruisen, Toby Sinclair. (1992). 23pp.

The Control of Wildlife Trade in Greece Edited by: T De Meulenaer, Julie Gray. (July 1992). 37pp. ISBN 0947613846. This report documents the findings of a survey of wildlife trade prior to the country's ratification of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES), but when the country was already bound by its membership in the European Community to enforce the EC CITES regulation. Species in Danger series.

A North American Free Trade Agreement: The Impacts on Wildlife Trade. Vols. I & II Debra A. Rose. (1991). 35pp. The Asian Trade in Bears and Bear Parts. Judy A. Mills Christopher Servheen 1991. 113pp.

The Asian Trade in Bears and Bear Parts Judy A. Mills, Christopher Servheen. (1991). 113pp.

Trade in Plants and Animals: Law and Practice. Report no.7. Drs. Hans Brouwer. (1990). 58pp. (Dutch edition). Workshop, implementation and enforcement of the Washington Convention (CITES) in the Netherlands.

Trade in Plants and Animals: Law and Practice. Report no.7A. Drs. Hans Brouwer. (1990). 35pp. (Dutch edition). Workshop, introduction and discussions.

Summary of Responses to the "Fish and Wildlife Service Wildlife Trade Questionnaire" (June 1990). 17pp.

Application of the Washington Convention in New-Caledonia and Dependent Territories by Gwénola le Serrec. (August 1989). 48pp. (French edition)

Application of the Washington Convention: In Martinique-Guadeloupe by Gwenola Le Serrec. (1987). 38pp. (French edition)

The Wildlife Trade and CITES: An annotated bibliography for the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora Mark C. Trexler, Laura H. Kosloff. (June 1987). 365pp.

1980 US Imports of African Mammal Trophies and Skins. Nancy J Roeper. (March 1983). 41pp.

CITES Appendix I Species in Captivity 1977-1981. A survey of the maintenance and breeding of captive mammals, birds, reptiles, and amphibians from three data sources by Lynn Gray-Schofield. (1983). 71pp.

Application of the Washington Convention in French Polynesia 52pp. (French edition)

Are you committing a crime? Think before you buy (1.9 MB) TRAFFIC India. A conservation awareness brochure for tourists.

Welcome to Tibet (2.2. MB) A conservation awareness brochure for tourists. Funded by WWF and TRAFFIC

Final Report on Vietnam Wildlife Trade Monitoring Project. 80pp. Published by: The Centre for Natural Resources Management and Environmental Studies in collaboration with TRAFFIC Southeast Asia